From data collated by the Institute for Energy Security (IES), the debt of GH¢850.993 million owed to the Ghana Grid Company (GRIDco) by the Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) in December 2019 has shot up by almost 31 percent to GH¢1.114 billion as of end June 2020.
The Institute’s trend analysis of cash receivables of the GRIDCo in the first half of year 2020 (HY1/2020) indicate that the receivables profile of the power transmitter is growing worse. The analysis revealed that as of January 2020 the total debt owed to the GRIDco by ECG was GH¢902.865 million, from December 2019’s figure of GH¢850.993 million.
The monthly analysis done for the HY1/2020 showed that the amount owed by the ECG to GRIDCo totalled GH¢451.468 million. However, the ECG paid only GH¢188.198 million representing 41.69 percent of total invoices issued. For instance, at end January 2020, GRIDCo invoiced the ECG GH¢74.872 million, made up of GH¢68.558 million in Transmission Service Charge (TSC) and GH¢6.314 million as Regulatory (PURC) Levy for power transmitted for the ECG in January, sending total outstanding debt to GH¢902.865 million.
Out of total monthly invoice of GH¢74.872 million, the ECG paid only GH¢23.0 million, representing 30.7 percent of invoiced amount, as shown in Table 1 and Graph 1 below.
The payments of February to June invoices by the ECG followed a similar pattern; suggesting a huge payment gap. The analysis shows that the ECG currently piles up close to GH¢11.0 million debt per week, as GRIDCo’s outstanding receivables rises to GH¢1.114 billion at end June 2020.
Meanwhile GRIDCo bills ECG about GH¢19 million per week, of which they pay roughly GH¢8.0 million per week. Compared to 2017 when the GRIDCo used to receive close to GH¢8.0 million per week from a billing rate of GH¢13.0 million per week, the current debt recovery rate is nothing but worse.
Because of the increasing payment gap, the outstanding debt of ECG to the GRIDCo is found to be increasing at an astronomical rate. Data shows GRIDCo’s receivables from the ECG is increasing despite government clearing its indebtedness to the ECG at end 2019, leaving a credit in excess of GH¢500.0 million, enough to cover its bill for January 2020 to April 2020.
In March 2020, the Government committed to fully absorbing the electricity bills for all lifeline consumers for 3 months beginning April 2020. It also offered to pay 50 percent of the electricity bill for residential and commercial consumers for the period, using the March 2020 bill as the benchmark.
Therefore, the logical expectation was at least 90 percent full debt recovery for both the ECG and GRIDCo, if the Government committed to his promise of paying for the electricity used by the people of Ghana. That was not to be, and Government has proceeded to extend the freebies to the aforementioned category of consumers, for an additional 3 months.
IES’ provisional projection based on the trend analysis, depicts that the debt position of ECG to GRIDCo could hit roughly 1.4 billion by the end of December 2020 should the ECG continue to pile up debt of close to GH¢11.0 million debt per week. The projected figure could be higher if government fails to pay fully the bills it has committed to take for consumers.
The IES is not against providing social protection programs for Ghanaians in these times of hardship caused by the COVID pandemic. In fact, the IES is strongly for it. However, the IES abhor policies that are targeted to see vital institutions whose contribution promotes economic development go down the drain due to political decisions that can go wrong.
Impact on GRIDCo
Aside the ECG, the indebtedness of the Northern Electricity Distribution Company (NEDCo), the Volta Aluminum Company (VALCO) and some mining companies to the GRIDCo, coupled with the depreciation of the Ghana cedi, contributes to the financial woes of the GRIDCo.
The debts owed by these companies to the GRIDCo is rising to unprecedented levels, and may likely render GRIDCo incapable of executing its critical projects that would make the national transmission system robust and improve reliability of power supply. It could negatively influence the day-to-day operations of the company, and could lead to the stalling of the many key projects undertaking by the company to improve on operations and efficiency, if not checked.
The increase debts that translate into financial constraints may also make it difficult for the transmitter to meet its financial obligations to financiers, contractors, suppliers and service providers among others. The bad financial state of the company induced by increased receivables could result in increased payables and deterioration of its working revenue, and by extension produce financial losses.
For three consecutive years, GRIDCo has been recording losses with a net loss of GH¢114.3 million in 2019. Even in 2015 when the GRIDCo produced a good financial results, with total revenue of GH¢472.345 million and net profit of GH¢44.797 million, most of the profit recorded was in debt. The current happenings thus clearly indicate that the year 2020 may experience another round of losses for State power utilities.
Remedial Actions
The Institute of Energy Security (IES), fears that the toughest leadership test is approaching, where government and its allied institutions in the power sector would have to show how they intend to bring back power utilities into cost-effective and profit ways. The most appropriate module could be for the Government to reimagine its approach in dealing with debts in the sector, should it be willing to return power sector institutions to profit ways. Most critically, Government must proffer new ways in which to recover revenues owed the GRIDCo from institutions, whether private or state, and from the Energy Sector Levy Act (ESLA) Fund.
The ECG must deal with the high commercial and technical losses in its system, and must commit to clearing all the debt owed GRIDCo, to guarantee reliable power supply to its distribution network.
While the GRIDCo waits to receive payment from the ECG, or better still receive revival from the sharing of the ESLA Fund to help boost the finance of the company, Management of the company must focused on pursuing the debts owed by the ECG and other defaulting customers. GRIDCo must also consider cutting back on some of expenses (including CAPEX), focusing on those that are necessary to produce a robust transmission system, to manage the current challenges.